Got some exciting news! Another new dino has been discovered! The new Abelisaurid has been named Llukalkan, meaning "the one who causes fear". It lived around 80 million years ago during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous in what is now Patagonia, Argentina. To my knowledge, all that's been found so far is a partial skull.
Pronunciation: Loo-kal-kan Meaning of name: "The one who causes fear". Species: L. aliocranianus Size: Uncertain due to a lack of fossils. Family: Abelisauridae. Diet: Carnivore First fossils found: Known only from a single, partial skull discovered in the Bajo de la Carpa Formation of Neuquén Province, western Argentina, in 2015. Named by Alberto C. Garrido, Rubén D. Juárez-Valieri, Ariana Paulina-Carabajal, Leonardo S. Filippi, Ariel H. Méndez and Federico A. Gianechini in 2021. Lived: 80 million years ago during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous in what is now western Argentina.
Pronunciation: Shu-no-sore-us Meaning of name: "Shu lizard", in reference to the ancient name for Sichuan Province, southwest China, where its fossils were discovered. Species: S. lii Size: Between 9 and 10 metres long, between 3 and 4 metres tall and weighing around 3 metric tonnes. Family: Uncertain. Possibly either a Cetiosaurid or a Euhelopodid. Diet: Herbivore. Fed on both high and low-growing vegetation. First fossils found: Known from several specimens, the first of which was discovered in the Xiashaximiao Formation of Sichuan Province, southwest China, in 1977. Named by Chinese palaeontologists Dong Zhiming, Zhou Shiwu and Zhang Yihong in 1983. The most remarkable feature of this Sauropod is the spiked club on the end of the tail which may have been used for defense or between two males competing for dominance. Lived: 168 to 163.5 million years ago during the Bathonian and Callovian stages of the Middle Jurassic in what is now southwest China.
Here's today's entry, a Canadian pterosaur: Cryodrakon
Pronunciation: Kry-oh-dray-kon Meaning of name: "Cold dragon". Species: C. boreas Wingspan: Uncertain but is estimated to have measured between 5 and 10 metres. Family: Azdharchidae Diet: Uncertain First fossils found: Known from the partial skeletons of several individuals. First discovered in the Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada. Named by David William Elliott Hone, Michael Habib and François Therrien in 2019. Lived: 76.7 to 74.3 million years ago during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous in what is now Alberta, Canada.
Pronunciation: Su-zhu-sor-us Meaning of name: "Suzhou lizard", after a city in eastern China. Species: S. megatherioides Size: Estimated to have measured around 6 metres long, 3 metres tall and weighing around 3 metric tonnes. Family: Uncertain. Likely a Therizinosaurid. Diet: Uncertain. Possibly a herbivore. First fossils found: Known from two partial skeletons, the first of which was discovered in north-central China. Both discoveries were made between 1999 and 2004. Named by Li Daqing, Peng Cuo, You Hailu, Matthew Lamanna, Jerrald Harris, Kenneth Lacovara and Zhang Jianping in 2007. Lived: 112.6 to 109 during the Albian stage of the Early Cretaceous in what is now north-central China.
Pronunciation: Tie-ran-no-tie-tan Meaning of name: "Tyrant titan". Species: T. chubutensis Size: Estimated to have measured around 12 metres long, between 3 and 4 metres tall and weighing between 4 and 7 metric tonnes. Family: Carcharodontosauridae. Diet: Carnivore. First fossils found: Known only from a single, partial skeleton discovered in the Cerro Barcino Formation of Chubut Province, southern Argentina, in 2005. Named in the same year by palaeontologists Fernando E. Novas, Silvina de Valais, Pat Vickers-Rich and Tom Rich. Lived: 125 to 113 million years ago during the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous in what is now southern Argentina.
Pronunciation: Yoo-rye-noe-sore-us Meaning of name: "Well-nosed lizard". Species: E. longirostris Size: Measured around 6.5 metres long. Weight uncertain. Family: Leptopterygiidae. Diet: Piscivore First fossils found: Known from specimens discovered in England, Germany, France and Switzerland. E. longirostris named in 1851. Was originally thought to be a species of Ichthyosaurus. Lived: 183 to 175 million years ago during the Pliensbachian and Toarcian stages of the Early Jurassic in the warm oceans that covered what is now Germany, Switzerland, France and England.
Pronunciation: Griff-oh-seh-rah-tops Meaning of name: "Griffin horned face". Species: G. morrisoni Size: Unknown due to a lack of fossils. Family: Leptoceratopsidae. Diet: Herbivore. Likely fed on low-growing vegetation. First fossils found: Known only from a single, partial jawbone discovered by American palaeontologist, Levi Sternberg, in the Milk River Formation of southern Alberta, Canada, in 1950. Named by Michael J. Ryan, David C. Evans, Philip J. Currie, Caleb M. Brown and Don Brinkman in 2012. Lived: 85.8 to 83.5 million years ago during the Santonian stage of the Late Cretaceous in what is now western Canada.
Pronunciation: Mo-ross Meaning of name: From the Greek word meaning "impeding doom", in reference to the establishment of the Tyrannosaurid lineage in the United States. Species: M. intrepidus Size: Unknown due to a lack of fossils. Family: Tyrannosauroidea. This superfamily includes Tyrannosauridae and its basal relatives. Diet: Carnivore First fossils found: Known only from teeth and a partial right leg discovered by American palaeontologist, Lindsay Zanno, in the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah in 2013. Named by Ms. Zanno, Ryan T. Tucker, Aurore Canoville, Haviv M. Avrahami, Terry A. Gates and Peter J. Makovicky in 2019. Moros represents the earliest known Tyrannosaurid from the Late Cretaceous of the United States by a margin of around 15 million years. Lived: 96 million years ago during the Cenomanian stage of the Late Cretaceous in what is now the western United States.
Pronunciation: Or-tho-gon-e-o-sore-us Meaning of name: "Straight-angled lizard", in reference to the straight edge on the only known fossil, a single tooth. Species: O. matleyi Size: Unknown due to a lack of fossils. Family: Unknown. Possible Ceratosaurid. Diet: Carnivore. First fossils found: Known only from a single, partial tooth discovered in the Lameta Formation of central India (date of discovery uncertain). Named by H. C. Das-Gupta in 1931. Lived: 70.6 to 66 million years ago during the Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous in what is now India.
Today's entry is the Ichthyosaur that was discovered by 12-year-old Mary Anning and her brother, Joseph, in 1811: Temnodontosaurus
Pronunciation: Tem-noe-don-toe-sore-us Meaning of name: "Cutting-toothed lizard". Species: T. platyodon, T. trigonodon, T. acutirostris, T. nuertingensis T. eurycephalus Size: Depending on species, estimated to have measured between 9 and 12 metres long and weighing up to 8 metric tonnes, making it one of the largest-known Ichthyosaurs. Family: Temnodontosauridae. Diet: Cephalopods including squid and ammonites. First fossils found: Known from several specimens, the first of which was discovered by Joseph and Mary Anning in southwest England in 1811. T. platyodon named by Richard Lydekker in 1889. T. acutirostris named in 1840. T. trigonodon named in 1843. T. nuertingensis named in 1931. T. eurycephalus named in 1974. Was originally thought to be a species of Ichthyosaurus. Lived: Depending on species, lived between 200 and 175 million years ago during the entire Early Jurassic in the warm oceans that once covered what is now England, Chile, Belgium, France and Germany.
Pronunciation: Fie-loe-ven-ah-tor Meaning of name: "Love hunter". Species: P. curriei Size: Unknown due to a lack of fossils. Family: Troodontidae Diet: Carnivore First fossils found: Known only from a partial left leg discovered in the Bayan Mandahu Formation of Inner Mongolia, China, in 1988. Named by Xu Xing, Zhao Ji, Corwin Sullivan, Tan Qing-Wei, Martin Sander and Ma Qing-Yu in 2012. Was originally thought to be a juvenile Saurornithoides. Lived: 75 to 72.1 million years ago during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous in what is now Inner Mongolia, China.
Pronunciation: Diss-tro-fay-us Meaning of name: "Coarse joint". Species: D. viaemalae Size: Estimated to have measured around 15 metres long, 3 metres tall and weighing 12 metric tonnes. Family: Diplodocidae Diet: Herbivore. Fed on both high and low-growing vegetation. First fossils found: Known only from a single, partial skeleton discovered in the Morrison Formation of Utah in 1859. Named by American palaeontologist, Edward Drinker Cope, in 1877. Lived: 154.8 million years ago during the Kimmeridgian stage of the Late Jurassic in what is now the western United States.
Pronunciation: Hip-sel-o-spy-nuss Meaning of name: "Highest spined". Species: H. fittoni Size: Estimated to have measured around 6 metres long, 2 metres tall (up to 4 metres tall when standing upright) and weighing up to 1 metric tonne. Family: Uncertain. Likely Iguanodontid. Diet: Herbivore. Fed on both high and low-growing vegetation. First fossils found: Known only from a single, partial skeleton discovered in the Wadhurst Clay Formation of southeast England (date of discovery uncertain). Named by British palaeontologist, David B. Norman, in 2010. Was originally thought to be a species of Iguanodon. Lived: 140 to 136 million years ago during the Berriasian and Valanginian stages of the Early Cretaceous in what is now southeast England.